Laboratory Exercise 11b: Chi Square --------------------------------- Chi-square test Is there a difference between the sexes in the achievements of students? A big university classified all students that had started their PhD in a certain year according to their status after six years. The categories used were 'took degree', 'still busy', 'dropped out'. The data are presented below. ---------------------------------------------- Gender ------------------------- Status Men Women ---------------------------------------------- Took Degree 423 98 Still Busy 134 33 Dropped out 238 98 ---------------------------------------------- The data can be found in the file z:\public\share\heeringa\promotie.txt. Import this ASCII-file into SPSS. Define the three columns of the table and choose variable names like 'gender', 'status' and 'freq'. a. Create a bar chart with three bars per gender, that is one for the students that took a degree, one for the students that are still busy and one for the 'dropouts'. b. Determine the row and column totals and put them in the margins of the tabel. c. Determine for each cell the expected amounts. d. Determine the row percentages. What do they show? e. Determine the column percentages. What do they show? f. Determine the total percentages. What do they show? g. Determine Chi-square. h. Is there a significant relation between status and gender? Formulate H_0 and H_a. What is your conclusion?