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\usepackage{avm}
\usepackage{html}
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\avmfont{\sc} \avmvalfont{\em } \avmsortfont{\small\em }
\avmoptions{center}

\title{Word Order Constraints on Verb Clusters in German and Dutch}
\author{Gosse Bouma and Gertjan van Noord\\
 Vakgroep Alfa-informatica \& BCN\\
 Rijksuniversiteit Groningen\\
 {\tt\{gosse,vannoord\}@let.rug.nl}}


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\begin{document}
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% !!! IMAGES START HERE !!!

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage60}%
\exg.
da{\ss} er das Examen bestehen k\"onnen wird\\
that he the exam pass be-able-to will\\
{\em that he will be able to pass the exam}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage77}%
\ex.
da{\ss} er das Examen wird bestehen k\"onnen
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{avm92}%
\begin{avm} \@1
$\bigoplus$\  \@2 \end{avm}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{avm94}%
\begin{avm} \@1 \end{avm}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlfigureA{avm96}%
\begin{avm} \@2
\end{avm}%
\lthtmlfigureZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage98}%
\ex.
\a. \begin{avm}
        {\rm k\"onnen }({\em to be able to})  $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[   head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
             comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\   
                     \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                           comps & \@1 \\
                           npcomps & -
                        \avmjpostlog]\>
                          \avmjpostlog]
 \end{avm}
\b.
\begin{avm}
        {\rm wird }({\em will})  $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[   head & verb$[$fin$]$\\
             comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\   
                     \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                           comps & \@1 \\
                           npcomps & -
                        \avmjpostlog]\>
                          \avmjpostlog]
 \end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage112}%
\ex.
\a. \begin{avm}
V\avmjprolog[npcomps & - \avmjpostlog]$~\rightarrow ~$\  H\avmjprolog[lex & + \avmjpostlog]
, V 
\end{avm}
\b. \begin{avm}
V\avmjprolog[npcomps & + \avmjpostlog] $~\rightarrow ~$\  NP, H
\end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage124}%
\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
  \node{g1-s}{s}  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{g1-np1}{np} &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{g1-vp1}{vp}}\\[0.5cm]
& \node{g1-np2}{np} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{
  \node{g1-vp2}{vc}}\\[0.5cm]
&& 
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \node{g1-vp3}{vc}} &
  \node{g1-v3}{v} \\[0.5cm]
&& \node{g1-v1}{v} &
    \node{g1-v2}{v} \\[0.3cm]
\node{g1-u}{\em er} &
\node{g1-b}{\em das Examen} &
\node{g1-l}{\em bestehen} &
\node{g1-k}{\em k\"onnen}&
\node{g1-w}{\em wird} 
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{g1-s}{g1-np1}
\nodeconnect{g1-s}{g1-vp1}
\nodeconnect{g1-vp1}{g1-np2}
\nodeconnect{g1-vp1}{g1-vp2}
\nodeconnect{g1-vp2}{g1-vp3}
\nodeconnect{g1-vp2}{g1-v3}
\nodeconnect{g1-vp3}{g1-v1}
\nodeconnect{g1-vp3}{g1-v2}
\nodeconnect{g1-np1}{g1-u}
\nodetriangle{g1-np2}{g1-b}
\nodeconnect{g1-v1}{g1-l}
\nodeconnect{g1-v2}{g1-k}
\nodeconnect{g1-v3}{g1-w}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage196}%
\ex.
\begin{avm}
head\avmjprolog[lex & +\avmjpostlog] $~ < ~$\  complement\avmjprolog[maj & v \\flip & + \avmjpostlog]
\end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage218}%
\ex.
\begin{avm}
        {\rm k\"onnen }({\em to be able to})  $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[   head & \avmjprolog[ maj & v \\
                       vform & psp \\
                       flip & + 
                    \avmjpostlog] \\
             comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\   
                     \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                           comps & \@1 \\
                           npcomps & - 
                        \avmjpostlog] \>
                          \avmjpostlog]
\end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage225}%
\ex.
\ag.
da{\ss}  er  das Examen  hat  bestehen  k\"onnen\\
that  he  the exam  has  pass  be-able-to\\
{\em that he has been able to pass the exam}
\b. *da{\ss} er das Examen bestehen k\"onnen hat
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage233}%
\ex.
\ag.
da{\ss}   er   die Lieder   wird   haben   singen   k\"onnen\\
that   he   the songs   will   have   sing   be-able-to\\
{\em that he will have been able to sing the songs}
\b. *da{\ss} er die Lieder haben singen k\"onnen wird
\c. da{\ss} er die Lieder gesungen haben wird
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage248}%
\ex.
\begin{avm}
        {\rm haben }({\em to have})  $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[   head & \avmjprolog[ maj & v \\
                       vform & inf \\
                       flip & \@2
                    \avmjpostlog] \\
             comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\   
                     \< \avmjprolog[ head & \avmjprolog[ maj & v \\
                                     vform & psp \\
                                     flip & \@2
                                     \avmjpostlog] \\
                           comps & \@1 \\
                           npcomps & - 
                        \avmjpostlog] \>
                          \avmjpostlog]
\end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage264}%
\ex.
\ag.
wenn   er   dem Professor   die Studenten   h\"atte   vorstellen   d\"urfen\\
if   he   the professor   the students   had   introduce   be-allowed\\
{\em if he had been allowed to introduce the students to the
  professor}
\b. *wenn er die Studenten h\"atte dem Professor vorstellen
  d\"urfen
\c. *wenn er dem Professor h\"atte die Studenten vorstellen
  d\"urfen
\d. *wenn er h\"atte dem Professor  die Studenten vorstellen
  d\"urfen
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage271}%
\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
  \node{g2-s}{s}  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{g2-np1}{np} &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{g2-vp1}{vp}}\\[0.5cm]
& \node{g2-np2}{np} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{
  \node{g2-vp2}{vc}}\\[0.5cm]
&& \node{g2-v1}{v} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \node{g2-vp3}{vc}}\\[0.5cm]
&&& \node{g2-v2}{v} &
    \node{g2-v3}{v} \\[0.3cm]
\node{g2-u}{\em er} &
\node{g2-b}{\em das Examen} &
\node{g2-l}{\em bestehen} &
\node{g2-k}{\em k\"onnen}&
\node{g2-w}{\em wird} 
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{g2-s}{g2-np1}
\nodeconnect{g2-s}{g2-vp1}
\nodeconnect{g2-vp1}{g2-np2}
\nodeconnect{g2-vp1}{g2-vp2}
\nodeconnect{g2-vp2}{g2-v1}
\nodeconnect{g2-vp2}{g2-vp3}
\nodeconnect{g2-vp3}{g2-v2}
\nodeconnect{g2-vp3}{g2-v3}
\nodeconnect{g2-np1}{g2-u}
\nodetriangle{g2-np2}{g2-b}
\nodeconnect{g2-v1}{g2-l}
\nodeconnect{g2-v2}{g2-k}
\nodeconnect{g2-v3}{g2-w}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage349}%
\ex.
\ag.
Das Buch   lesen   wird   er   schon   k\"onnen\\
the book   read   will   he   already  can\\
{\em He'll surely be able to read the book}
\b. Lesen k\"onnen wird er das Buch schon
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage368}%
\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
  \node{g3-s}{s}  }\\[0.5cm]
 \node{g3-np1}{np} &
 \node{g3-np2}{np} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \node{g3-vp2}{vc}} &
  \node{g3-v3}{v} \\[0.5cm]
&&  \node{g3-v1}{v} &
    \node{g3-v2}{v} \\[0.3cm]
\node{g3-u}{\em er} &
\node{g3-b}{\em das Examen} &
\node{g3-l}{\em bestehen} &
\node{g3-k}{\em k\"onnen}&
\node{g3-w}{\em wird} 
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{g3-s}{g3-np1}
\nodeconnect{g3-s}{g3-np2}
\nodeconnect{g3-s}{g3-vp2}
\nodeconnect{g3-s}{g3-v3}
\nodeconnect{g3-vp2}{g3-v1}
\nodeconnect{g3-vp2}{g3-v2}
\nodeconnect{g3-np1}{g3-u}
\nodetriangle{g3-np2}{g3-b}
\nodeconnect{g3-v1}{g3-l}
\nodeconnect{g3-v2}{g3-k}
\nodeconnect{g3-v3}{g3-w}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage425}%
\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
  \node{g4-s}{s}  }\\[0.5cm]
 \node{g4-np1}{np} &
 \node{g4-np2}{np} &
 \node{g4-v1}{v} &
 \node{g4-v2}{v} &
 \node{g4-v3}{v} \\[0.3cm]
\node{g4-u}{\em er} &
\node{g4-b}{\em das Examen} &
\node{g4-l}{\em bestehen} &
\node{g4-k}{\em k\"onnen}&
\node{g4-w}{\em wird} 
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{g4-s}{g4-np1}
\nodeconnect{g4-s}{g4-np2}
\nodeconnect{g4-s}{g4-v1}
\nodeconnect{g4-s}{g4-v2}
\nodeconnect{g4-s}{g4-v3}
\nodeconnect{g4-np1}{g4-u}
\nodetriangle{g4-np2}{g4-b}
\nodeconnect{g4-v1}{g4-l}
\nodeconnect{g4-v2}{g4-k}
\nodeconnect{g4-v3}{g4-w} 
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage480}%
\exg.
da{\ss} er bestehen wird das Examen k\"onnen\\
that he pass will the exam be-able-to\\
{\em that he will be able to pass the exam}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage490}%
\exg.
dat Jan het boek moet hebben gelezen\\
that John the book must have  read\\
{\em that John must have read the book}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage495}%
\ex.
dat Jan het boek gelezen moet hebben
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage501}%
\exg.
zu dem Zeitpunkt an dem ich mich entscheiden h\"atte  m\"ussen\\
at the point at which I me decide had  must\\
{\em at the point at which I should have made a decision}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{section}
\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage539}%
\ex.
{\bf Head-complement schema:}\\
\begin{avm}
\avmjprolog[ {\em phrase}\\
dtrs & head-complement
\avmjpostlog] 
$~\rightarrow~$\avmjprolog[ dtrs & \avmjprolog[ head-dtr & {\em word}\\
     comp-dtrs & {\em ne-list} 
          \avmjpostlog] 
\avmjpostlog]
\end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage568}%
\ex.
{\bf Valence principle:} 
The {\sc comps}-list of the head daughter is the {\sf append} ($\oplus$) of the
{\sc comps}-list of the mother and the list of {\sc synsem}-values of
the complement daughters.
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline3969}%
$ \rightarrow$%
\lthtmlinlinemathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline3971}%
$ \leftarrow$%
\lthtmlinlinemathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage594}%
\ex.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm geben} ({\em to give}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
            subj & \<{\sc np}\> \\
            comps &   \< \avmjprolog[ head & np$[$dat$]$\  \\dir & $\rightarrow$\  \\
                            zone & outer \avmjpostlog], 
                         \avmjprolog[ head & np$[$acc$]$\  \\dir & $\rightarrow$\  \\
                            zone & outer \avmjpostlog]
                     \>    
        \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage603}%
\ex.
{\bf Directionality}
\begin{enumerate}
\item
\begin{avm}
complement\avmjprolog[ dir & $\rightarrow$\   \avmjpostlog] ~~$<$\  ~~
 head 
\end{avm}
\item
\begin{avm}
head  ~~$<$\  ~~
complement\avmjprolog[ dir & $\leftarrow$\   \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm}
\end{enumerate}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage639}%
\ex.
\a.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm wollen} ({\em to want}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
            subj & \<{\sc np}\> \\
            comps &   \@1 $~\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[  head  & verb$[$inf$]$\\
                                              comps & \@1 \\
                                              zone & inner \avmjpostlog]
                     \>    
        \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\b.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm haben} ({\em to have}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
           subj & \<{\sc np}\> \\
           comps & \@1 $~\bigoplus$\   \< \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$prt$]$\\
                                            comps & \@1 \\
                                            zone & inner \avmjpostlog] \>   
        \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage655}%
\ex.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm helfen} ({\em to help}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
            subj & \< {\sc np} \> \\
            comps & 
                   \< {\sc np}$[${\em acc}$]$\  \> $~\bigoplus$\  \@1
                 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
                                               comps & \@1 \\
                                               zone & inner \avmjpostlog] \>
                          \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage670}%
\ex.
\a.
{\bf Zone LP Constraints:} \\
\a. \begin{avm} 
\avmjprolog[ dir & $\rightarrow$\  \\zone & outer \avmjpostlog] ~$<$\  ~
\avmjprolog[ zone & inner\avmjpostlog] \end{avm} \hfill
\b. \begin{avm}
\avmjprolog[ zone & inner\avmjpostlog] ~~$<$\  ~~
\avmjprolog[ dir & $\leftarrow$\  \\zone & outer \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm}
\z.
\b. {\bf I-zone Principle:} In {\sc head-complement} structures, 
all [{\sc zone} {\em inner}] daughters are of type {\em word}. 
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage691}%
\ex.
$~~
\begin{array}{ccccc}
\overbrace{L_1 \ldots\ldots L_i}^{\mbox{\begin{avm}\avmjprolog[zone & outer \avmjpostlog]\end{avm}}} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{
\overbrace{L_{i+1} \ldots L_m ~~ H ~~ R_1 \ldots R_j}^{
  \mbox{\begin{avm}\avmjprolog[zone & inner\avmjpostlog]\end{avm}}
    }
                  } &
\overbrace{R_{j+1} \ldots\ldots R_n}^{\mbox{\begin{avm}\avmjprolog[zone & outer \avmjpostlog]\end{avm}}}
\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{
\underbrace{\hspace{4cm}}_{\mbox{\begin{avm}{\avmjprolog[ dir & $\rightarrow$\  \avmjpostlog]}\end{avm}}}
                  }
&&
\multicolumn{2}{r}{
\underbrace{\hspace{4cm}}_{\mbox{\begin{avm}{\avmjprolog[ dir & $\leftarrow$\  \avmjpostlog]}\end{avm}}}
                  }
\end{array}
$\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage729}%
\ex.
\ag.
da{\ss}   er   das Examen   bestehen   k\"onnen   wird\\
that   he   the exam   pass   be-able-to  will\\
{\em that he will be able to pass the exam}
\bg.
da{\ss}  du   uns   die Schlacht   hast   gewinnen   helfen\\
that   you   us   the battle   have   win help\\
{\em that you did help us win the battle}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage736}%
\ex.
{\sc
\begin{tabular}[t]{cccc}
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{ger2-vp}{vp}
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{ger2-np}{np} &
\node{ger2-v1}{v$_1 \langle$np$\rangle$} &
\node{ger2-v2}{v$_2 \langle$np,v$_{1}\rangle$} &
\node{ger2-v3}{v$\langle$np,v$_1$,v$_2 \rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{ger2-exam}{\em das Examen} &
\node{ger2-best}{\em bestehen} &
\node{ger2-koennen}{\em k\"onnen} &
\node{ger2-wird}{\em wird} \\
 $\underbrace{\hspace{1.8cm}}$\  & 
\multicolumn{3}{c}{$\underbrace{\hspace{5.5cm}}$} \\
{\em o-zone} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\em i-zone}
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-np}
\nodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-v1}
\nodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-v2}
\anodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-v3}
\nodetriangle{ger2-np}{ger2-exam}
\nodeconnect{ger2-v1}{ger2-best}
\nodeconnect{ger2-v2}{ger2-koennen}
\nodeconnect{ger2-v3}{ger2-wird}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage786}%
\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}[t]{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
       \node{vp1-vp}{vp}
                 }\\[0.5cm]
\node{vp1-np1}{np$_{1}$} &
\node{vp1-np2}{np$_{2}$} &
\node{vp1-v1}{v$_1\langle$\  np$_1$, np$_2$, v$_3$, v$_2 \rangle$} &
\node{vp1-v2}{v$_{3} \langle$\  np$_2\rangle$} &
\node{vp1-v3}{v$_{2} \langle$\  np$_1$, np$_2$, v$_3\rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{vp1-marie}{\em uns} &
\node{vp1-boek}{\em die Schlacht} &
\node{vp1-wil}{\em hast} &
\node{vp1-laten}{\em gewinnen} &
\node{vp1-lezen}{\em helfen} \\
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$\underbrace{\hspace{3cm}}$} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{$\underbrace{\hspace{7cm}}$} \\
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\em o-zone} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\em i-zone}
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-np1}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-np2}
\anodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-v1}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-v2}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-v3}
\nodeconnect{vp1-np1}{vp1-marie}
\nodetriangle{vp1-np2}{vp1-boek}
\nodeconnect{vp1-v1}{vp1-wil}
\nodeconnect{vp1-v2}{vp1-laten}
\nodeconnect{vp1-v3}{vp1-lezen}
\par%
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\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage861}%
\ex.
\begin{avm}
\avmjprolog[ dom & \< \avmjprolog[ \< {\em da\ss} \> \\compl \\{\em cf} \avmjpostlog],
            \avmjprolog[ \< {\em Peter} \> \\np \\{\em mf} \avmjpostlog],
            \avmjprolog[ \< {\em das Buch} \> \\np \\{\em mf} \avmjpostlog],
            \avmjprolog[ \< {\em finden} \> \\v \\{\em vc} \avmjpostlog],
            \avmjprolog[ \< {\em k\"onnen} \> \\v \\{\em vc} \avmjpostlog],
            \avmjprolog[ \< {\em wird} \> \\v \\{\em vc} \avmjpostlog]
            \> \avmjpostlog]
\end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage925}%
\ex.
\a.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm wollen} ({\em to want}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
            subj & \<\@1 {\sc np}\> \\
            comps &   \@3 $~\bigoplus$\  \< \@2 \avmjprolog[  head  & verb$[$inf$]$\\
                                              comps & \@3 \\
                                              zone & inner \avmjpostlog]
                     \>   \\
           arg-s & \<\@1,\@2\>
        \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\b.  \begin{avm}
        {\rm helfen} ({\em to help}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
            subj & \< \@1 {\sc np} \> \\
            comps & 
                   \< \@2 {\sc np}$[${\em acc}$]$\  \> $~\bigoplus$\  \@4
                 $\bigoplus$\  \< \@3 \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
                                               comps & \@4 \\
                                               zone & inner \avmjpostlog] \> \\
            arg-s & \< \@1, \@2, \@3 \> 
                          \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline3991}%
$ \hookrightarrow$%
\lthtmlinlinemathZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline3995}%
$ \hookleftarrow$%
\lthtmlinlinemathZ
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmlinlinemathA{tex2html_wrap_inline3997}%
$ \ll$%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage949}%
\ex.
{\bf Governor Constraints} \\
\begin{tabular}{llll}
1. &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[synsem & \@1 \avmjprolog[ gvor & $\rightarrow$\   \avmjpostlog]\avmjpostlog]  \end{avm} & 
$<$\  & 
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[ arg-s & \<  \ldots \@1 \ldots \> \avmjpostlog] \end{avm}
\\[0.3cm]
2. &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[synsem & \@1 \avmjprolog[ gvor & $\hookrightarrow$\   \avmjpostlog]\avmjpostlog] \end{avm} & 
$\ll$\  &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[ arg-s & \<  \ldots \@1 \ldots \> \avmjpostlog]\end{avm} 
\\[0.3cm]
3. &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[ arg-s & \<  \ldots \@1 \ldots\> \avmjpostlog]\end{avm} & 
$<$\   &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[ synsem & \@1 \avmjprolog[ gvor & $\leftarrow$\  \avmjpostlog]\avmjpostlog] \end{avm} 
\\[0.3cm]
4. &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[ arg-s & \<  \ldots \@1 \ldots\> \avmjpostlog]\end{avm} &
 $\ll$\  &
\begin{avm} \avmjprolog[ synsem & \@1 \avmjprolog[ gvor & $\hookleftarrow$\  \avmjpostlog]\avmjpostlog] \end{avm}
\end{tabular}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage976}%
\ex.
\begin{avm} \mbox{\rm bestehen ({\em to pass})} $\mapsto$    \avmjprolog[ gvor & $\rightarrow$\  \\
       comps & \< \avmjprolog[ head & np$[$acc$]$\  \\
                     zone & outer \\
                     dir & $\leftarrow$                  \avmjpostlog]  \> \avmjpostlog] \end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage991}%
\ex.
\a. 
\begin{avm} \mbox{\rm wird ({\em will})} $\mapsto$    \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$fin$]$\  \\
       comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                                     zone & inner \\
                                     comps & \@1 \avmjpostlog]         \> \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm}
\b.
\begin{avm} \mbox{\rm k\"onnen ({\em be able to})} $\mapsto$    \avmjprolog[ 
       comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                                     zone & inner \\
                                     gvor &$\rightarrow$\  \\
                                     comps & \@1 \avmjpostlog]         \> \avmjpostlog] \end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1003}%
\ex.
\begin{tabular}[t]{cccc}
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{ger2-vp}{vp}
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{ger2-np}{np} &
\node{ger2-v1}{v$_{1, \rightarrow _g } \langle$np$\rangle$} &
\node{ger2-v2}{v$_2 \langle$np,v$_{1}\rangle$} &
\node{ger2-v3}{v$\langle$np,v$_1$,v$_2 \rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{ger2-exam}{\em das Examen} &
\node{ger2-best}{\em bestehen} &
\node{ger2-koennen}{\em k\"onnen} &
\node{ger2-wird}{\em wird} \\
 $\underbrace{\hspace{1.8cm}}$\  & 
\multicolumn{3}{c}{$\underbrace{\hspace{5.5cm}}$} \\
{\em o-zone} &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\em i-zone}
\end{tabular}
\nodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-np}
\nodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-v1}
\nodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-v2}
\anodeconnect{ger2-vp}{ger2-v3}
\nodetriangle{ger2-np}{ger2-exam}
\nodeconnect{ger2-v1}{ger2-best}
\nodeconnect{ger2-v2}{ger2-koennen}
\nodeconnect{ger2-v3}{ger2-wird}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1053}%
\ex.
{\sc
\begin{tabular}[t]{cccc}
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{ger3-vp}{vp}
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{ger3-np}{np} &
\node{ger3-v3}{v$\langle$np,v$_1$,v$_2 \rangle$} &
\node{ger3-v1}{v$_{1, \rightarrow _g } \langle$np$\rangle$} &
\node{ger3-v2}{v$_2 \langle$np,v$_{1}\rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{ger3-exam}{\em das Examen} &
\node{ger3-wird}{\em wird} &
\node{ger3-best}{\em bestehen} &
\node{ger3-koennen}{\em k\"onnen} 
\end{tabular}
\nodeconnect{ger3-vp}{ger3-np}
\nodeconnect{ger3-vp}{ger3-v1}
\nodeconnect{ger3-vp}{ger3-v2}
\anodeconnect{ger3-vp}{ger3-v3}
\nodetriangle{ger3-np}{ger3-exam}
\nodeconnect{ger3-v1}{ger3-best}
\nodeconnect{ger3-v2}{ger3-koennen}
\nodeconnect{ger3-v3}{ger3-wird}
}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1095}%
\ex.
{\sc
\begin{tabular}[t]{cccc}
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{ger4-vp}{vp}
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{ger4-np}{np} &
\node{ger4-v1}{v$_{1, \rightarrow _g } \langle$np$\rangle$} &
\node{ger4-v3}{v$\langle$np,v$_1$,v$_2 \rangle$} &
\node{ger4-v2}{v$_2 \langle$np,v$_{1}\rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{ger4-exam}{\em das Examen} &
\node{ger4-best}{\em bestehen} &
\node{ger4-wird}{\em wird} &
\node{ger4-koennen}{\em k\"onnen} 
\end{tabular}
\nodeconnect{ger4-vp}{ger4-np}
\nodeconnect{ger4-vp}{ger4-v1}
\nodeconnect{ger4-vp}{ger4-v2}
\anodeconnect{ger4-vp}{ger4-v3}
\nodetriangle{ger4-np}{ger4-exam}
\nodeconnect{ger4-v1}{ger4-best}
\nodeconnect{ger4-v2}{ger4-koennen}
\nodeconnect{ger4-v3}{ger4-wird}}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1162}%
\ex.
\begin{avm} \mbox{\rm k\"onnen ({\em be able to})} $\mapsto$    \avmjprolog[ gvor & $\leftarrow$\  \\
       head & verb$[$psp$]$\  \\
       comps & \@1 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                                     zone & inner \\
                                     gvor &$\rightarrow$\  \\
                                     comps & \@1 \avmjpostlog]         \> \avmjpostlog] \end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1174}%
\ex.
\ag.
da{\ss}  er   die Lieder   gesungen   haben   wird\\
that   he   the songs   sung   have  will\\
{\em that he will have sung the songs}
\b ?da{\ss} er die Lieder wird gesungen haben
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1180}%
\ex.
\ag.
*da{\ss}  er   die Lieder   singen   k\"onnen   haben   wird\\
that   he   the songs   sang   be-able-to   have  will\\
{\em that he will have been able to sing the songs}
\b.  da{\ss} er die Lieder wird haben singen k\"onnen
\c.  *da{\ss} er die Lieder haben singen k\"onnen wird
\d.  *da{\ss} er die Lieder wird singen k\"onnen haben
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1200}%
\ex.
\begin{avm} \mbox{\rm haben ({\em to have})} $\mapsto$    \avmjprolog[ gvor & \@1 \\
       comps & \@2 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb[psp] \\
                                     gvor & \@1 \\
                                     zone & inner \\
                                     comps & \@2 \avmjpostlog]  
                               \> \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm}
\par%
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\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1256}%
\exg.
Lesen k\"onnen wird er das Buch schon\\
read be-able-to will he the book already\\
{\em He'll surely be able to read the book}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1260}%
\ex.
{\sc
\begin{tabular}{cc}
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \node{f-pvp}{vp$\langle$np$\rangle$} 
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{f-v1}{v$\langle$np$\rangle$} &
\node{f-v2}{v$\langle$np,v$\langle$np$\rangle\rangle$}\\[0.3cm]
\node{f-l}{\em lesen} &
\node{f-k}{\em k\"onnen}
\end{tabular}
\nodeconnect{f-pvp}{f-v1}
\anodeconnect{f-pvp}{f-v2}
\nodeconnect{f-v1}{f-l}
\nodeconnect{f-v2}{f-k}}
\par%
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\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1300}%
\ex.
\begin{avm}
\avmjprolog[ comps & \@1 ~$\bigoplus$~ \< \@2 \> ~$\bigoplus$~ \@3 \\
   slash & \@4 \avmjpostlog] ~$\Rightarrow$~
\avmjprolog[ comps & \@1 ~$\bigoplus$~ \@3 \\
   slash &  \{ \@2 \} ~$\uplus$~ \@4 \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm} 
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1306}%
\ex.
\begin{tabular}{c}
\begin{avm} 
    \avmjprolog[ 
       comps & \< np$[$nom$]$\  \> ~ $\bigoplus$\  \@1 $\bigoplus$                                 \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                                     zone & inner \\
                                     comps & \@1 \avmjpostlog]         \> \\
       slash & \{ ~ \} \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm}
\\
$\Downarrow$\  \\
\begin{avm} 
    \avmjprolog[ 
       comps & \< np$[$nom$]$\  \> ~ $\bigoplus$\  \@1 
                                  \\
       slash & \{ \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\  \\
                                     zone & inner \\
                                     comps & \@1 \avmjpostlog]         \}  \avmjpostlog] 
\end{avm}
\end{tabular}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1326}%
\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}[t]{ccccccc}
\multicolumn{7}{c}{
  \node{topic-s}{s}
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \node{topic-vp}{v$\langle$np,adj$\rangle$}
                  } &
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
  \node{topic-ss}{s/v$\langle$np,adj$\rangle$}
                  } \\[0.5cm]
\node{topic-v1}{v$\langle$np$\rangle$} &
\node{topic-v2}{v$\langle$np,adj,v$\langle$np$\rangle\rangle$} &
\node{topic-v3}{v$\langle$np,np,adj$\rangle _i$/v$\langle$np,adj$\rangle$}
&
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{topic-sgap}{s}} \\[0.5cm]
\node{topic-willen}{\em lesen} &
\node{topic-bezoeken}{\em k\"onnen} &
\node{topic-v33}{v$\langle$np,np,adj,v$\langle$np,adj$\rangle\rangle$} &
\node{topic-subj}{np} &
\node{topic-obj}{np} &
\node{topic-adj}{adj} &
\node{topic-vgap}{v$_i$} \\[0.5cm]
&& \node{topic-zou}{\em wird}  &
\node{topic-hij}{\em er} &
\node{topic-congres}{\em das Buch} &
\node{topic-schon}{\em schon}  &
\node{topic-empty}{$\emptyset$} \\[0.5cm]
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{topic-s}{topic-vp}
\nodeconnect{topic-vp}{topic-v1}
\anodeconnect{topic-vp}{topic-v2}
\anodeconnect{topic-s}{topic-ss}
\anodeconnect{topic-ss}{topic-v3}
\nodeconnect{topic-ss}{topic-sgap}
\nodeconnect{topic-sgap}{topic-subj}
\nodeconnect{topic-sgap}{topic-obj}
\nodeconnect{topic-sgap}{topic-adj}
\anodeconnect{topic-sgap}{topic-vgap}
\nodeconnect{topic-v1}{topic-willen}
\nodeconnect{topic-v2}{topic-bezoeken}
\nodeconnect{topic-v3}{topic-v33}
\nodeconnect{topic-v33}{topic-zou}
\nodeconnect{topic-subj}{topic-hij}
\nodeconnect{topic-obj}{topic-congres}
\nodeconnect{topic-adj}{topic-schon}
\nodeconnect{topic-vgap}{topic-empty}
\par%
\lthtmldisplayZ
\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1428}%
\ex.
*
k\"onnen wird er das Buch schon lesen
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1437}%
\ex.
In {\em head-filler} structures, the {\sc comps} value of the filler
daughter is a list of elements marked [{\sc zone \em outer}]. 
\par%
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\stepcounter{section}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1459}%
\ex.
\ag.
dat   Jan   het boek   {\em wil}   lezen\\
that   John   the book   wants   read\\
{\em that John wants to read the book}  
\bg.
dat   Jan   Marie   het boek   {\em laat}   lezen\\
that   John   Mary   the book   lets   read\\
{\em that John lets Mary read the book}
\c.
dat   Jan$_1$\    Marie$_2$\    het boek$_3$\    {\em wil}$_1$\    {\em laten}$_2$                  lezen$_3$\\
that   John   Mary   the book   wants   let   read\\
{\em that John wants to let Mary read the book}
\par%
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\lthtmlcheckvsize\clearpage}

{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1472}%
\ex.
\a.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm willen} ({\em to want}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
         subj & \< \@2 {\sc np}\>\\
         comps & 
                 \@1
                 $\bigoplus$\  \< \@3 \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
                                               comps & \@1 \\
                                               zone & inner \\
                                               gvor& $\leftarrow$\  \avmjpostlog]
                                               \>\\
         arg-s & \<\@2,\@3\>
                          \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
\b.
 \begin{avm}
        {\rm laten} ({\em to let}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[   head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
             subj & \< \@2 {\sc np}\>\\
             comps & \< \@3 {\sc np}$[${\em acc,}$\rightarrow ]$\  \> $\bigoplus$                  \@1
                 $\bigoplus$\  \< \@4 \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
                                               comps & \@1 \\
                                               zone & inner \\
                                               gvor& $\leftarrow$\  \avmjpostlog]
                                               \> \\
             arg-s & \<\@2,\@3,\@4\>
                          \avmjpostlog]
 \end{avm}
\par%
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1506}%
\ex.
\ag.
dat   Jan   Marie   naar huis   ziet   lopen\\
that   Jan   Marie   towards home   sees   walk\\
{\em that Jan sees Mary walk home}
\b. *dat Jan naar huis Marie ziet lopen 
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{\newpage\clearpage
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\ex.
{\bf Obliqueness Constraint (for Dutch):} 
\a.
\begin{avm}
\@1 \avmjprolog[ dir &  $\rightarrow$\  \\zone & outer \avmjpostlog] ~ $<$\@2 \avmjprolog[dir &  $\rightarrow$\  \\zone & outer \avmjpostlog] \end{avm} iff 
\begin{avm}\@1\end{avm} precedes \begin{avm} \@2 \end{avm} on 
the {\sc comps} list of the head. \\
\b. \begin{avm}
\@1 \avmjprolog[ dir &  $\leftarrow$\  \\zone & outer \avmjpostlog] ~ $<$\@2 \avmjprolog[dir &  $\leftarrow$\  \\zone & outer \avmjpostlog] \end{avm} iff 
\begin{avm}\@2\end{avm} precedes \begin{avm} \@1 \end{avm} on 
the {\sc comps} list of the head.
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\ex.
{\sc 
\begin{tabular}[t]{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{
       \node{vp1-vp}{vp$\langle\rangle$}
                 }\\[0.5cm]
\node{vp1-np1}{np$_{1,\rightarrow_d}$} &
\node{vp1-np2}{np$_{2,\rightarrow_d}$} &
\node{vp1-v1}{v$_1\langle$\  np$_1$, np$_2$, v$_3$, v$_2 \rangle$} &
\node{vp1-v2}{v$_{2,\leftarrow_g} \langle$\  np$_1$, np$_2$, v$_3 \rangle$} &
\node{vp1-v3}{v$_{3,\leftarrow_g} \langle$\  np$_2 \rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{vp1-marie}{\em Marie} &
\node{vp1-boek}{\em het boek} &
\node{vp1-wil}{\em wil} &
\node{vp1-laten}{\em laten} &
\node{vp1-lezen}{\em lezen}
\end{tabular}
}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-np1}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-np2}
\anodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-v1}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-v2}
\nodeconnect{vp1-vp}{vp1-v3}
\nodeconnect{vp1-np1}{vp1-marie}
\nodetriangle{vp1-np2}{vp1-boek}
\nodeconnect{vp1-v1}{vp1-wil}
\nodeconnect{vp1-v2}{vp1-laten}
\nodeconnect{vp1-v3}{vp1-lezen}
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\exg.
dat   Jan   Marie   lijkt   te   haten\\
that  John  Mary    seems   to   hate\\
{\em that John seems to hate Mary}
\par
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\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1602}%
\ex.
\ag.
dat   Jan   Marie   {\em aan}   spreekt\\
that  John   Mary   {\sc prefix}   speaks\\
{\em that John speaks to Mary}
\b.
Jan spreekt Marie aan
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1608}%
\ex.
\ag.
dat   Jan   Marie   zou   hebben   {\em aan}   gesproken\\
that   John   Mary   would    have   {\sc prefix}  spoken\\
{\em that John would have spoken to Mary}
\b. dat Jan Marie zou {\em aan} hebben gesproken 
\c. dat Jan Marie {\em aan} zou hebben gesproken 
\d. $^*$\  dat Jan Marie zou hebben gesproken {\em aan}  
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\ex.
\begin{avm}
        {\rm spreken} ({\em to speak (to)})  $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[   head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
             comps & \< {\sc np}$[${\em acc,}$\rightarrow ]$\  ,
                        \avmjprolog[ head & part[aan] \\
                           zone & inner \\
                           gvor & $\rightarrow $                         \avmjpostlog] \>
        \avmjpostlog]
 \end{avm}
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\ex.
\begin{tabular}[t]{ccccc}
\multicolumn{4}{c}{
  \node{nlpart-vp}{vp$\langle\rangle$}
                  }\\[0.5cm]
\node{nlpart-np}{np} &
\node{nlpart-v}{v$\langle$np,part,v$_2$,v$_1\rangle$} &
\node{nlpart-part}{part$_{\rightarrow _g}$} &
\node{nlpart-v1}{v$_1\langle$np,part,v$_2\rangle$} &
\node{nlpart-v2}{v$_2 \langle$np,part$\rangle$} \\[0.5cm]
\node{nlpart-marie}{\em Marie} &
\node{nlpart-zou}{\em zou} &
\node{nlpart-aan}{\em aan} &
\node{nlpart-hebben}{\em hebben} &
\node{nlpart-gesproken}{\em gesproken}
\end{tabular}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-vp}{nlpart-np}
\anodeconnect{nlpart-vp}{nlpart-v}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-vp}{nlpart-part}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-vp}{nlpart-v1}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-vp}{nlpart-v2}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-np}{nlpart-marie}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-v}{nlpart-zou}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-part}{nlpart-aan}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-v1}{nlpart-hebben}
\nodeconnect{nlpart-v2}{nlpart-gesproken}
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{\newpage\clearpage
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\ex.
\ag.
dat de Sovjetunie zich niet   zal   laten   {\em bang}   maken   
door cruiseraketten\\
that the Soviet-Union itself not will   let   afraid make by cruise-missiles\\
{\em that the Soviet Union will not be scared by cruise missiles}
\bg. 
dat hij het de leerlingen   had   duidelijk   gemaakt   dat het examen niet
  moeilijk zou zijn \\
that he it the pupils had   clear made that the exam not difficult
would be\\
{\em he had made it clear to the pupils that the exam would not be
  difficult}
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\exi.
\a.
dat de Sovjetunie zich niet [ADJP erg bang] zal laten maken door
cruiseraketten
\b.
*dat de Sovjetunie zich niet zal laten [ADJP erg bang] maken  
door cruiseraketten
\c.
dat hij het de leerlingen [ADJP heel erg duidelijk] had gemaakt dat het
examen niet moeilijk zou zijn\\
{\em he had made it clear to the pupils that the exam would not be difficult}
\d.
*dat hij het de leerlingen had [ADJP heel erg duidelijk] gemaakt dat het
examen niet moeilijk zou zijn
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\stepcounter{subsection}
{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1714}%
\ex.
\ag.       dat   Jan   het boek   heeft   gelezen\\
         that   John   the book   has    read\\
        {\em that John has read the book}
\b.         dat Jan het boek gelezen heeft
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1718}%
\ex.
\ag.     dat   Jan   het boek   moet   hebben   gelezen\\
         that   John   the book   must   have     read\\
        {\em that John must have read the book}
\b.      dat Jan het boek gelezen moet hebben
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\ex.
?* dat Jan het boek moet gelezen hebben
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\ex.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm hebben }({\em to want}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
         comps & 
                 \@1
                 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$psp$]$\\
                                               comps & \@1 \\
                                               zone & inner  \avmjpostlog] \>
                          \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1737}%
\ex.
        \begin{avm}
        {\rm hebben} ({\em to want}) $\mapsto$        \avmjprolog[  head & verb$[$inf$]$\\
         comps & 
                 \@1
                 $\bigoplus$\  \< \avmjprolog[ head & verb$[$psp$]$\\
                                               comps & \@1 \\
                                               zone & inner  \\
                                               gvor & \@2 \\
                                               dir & \@2 \avmjpostlog] \>
                          \avmjpostlog]
        \end{avm}
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{\newpage\clearpage
\lthtmldisplayA{makeimage1749}%
\ex.
\ag.
   dat   Jan   Marie   zou   hebben   aan   gesproken\\
   that   John   Mary   would   have   ({\sc prefix})   spoken \\
  {\em that John would have spoken to Mary}
\b.
  dat Jan Marie zou aan hebben gesproken
\c.
  dat Jan Marie aan zou hebben gesproken
\d.
  *dat Jan Marie zou hebben gesproken aan
\e.
  dat Jan Marie aan gesproken zou hebben
\f.
  *dat Jan Marie gesproken aan zou hebben
\f.
  *dat Jan Marie gesproken zou aan hebben
\f.
  *dat Jan Marie gesproken zou hebben aan
\f.
  ?*dat Jan Marie aan zou gesproken hebben
\f.
  ?*dat Jan Marie zou aan gesproken hebben
\f.
  *dat Jan Marie zou gesproken aan hebben
\f.
  *dat Jan Marie zou gesproken hebben aan  
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\stepcounter{section}

\end{document}