An interesting example is the following one, in which the non-polarity verb moeten (must/have to) appears to compete with hoeven, resulting in the contamination moefen:

test sentence

 *Ik hoef die grote met het zwaailicht te hebben.
I need that big-one with the flashing light to have.
ERIC response

 I(k) moefe met die grote zwaailicht hebben.
I `moefe' with that big flashing light to have.

Contaminations of hoeven with its close semantic neighbor moeten also occur in spontaneous speech, of both children and adults. See the following examples:

i

 ik moet nu niet in bad. ik moef nu niet in bad. (2;08.02)
I must now not in bath. I `moef' now not in bath.
ii

 maar je moeft mij toch niet # ehm te slaan? (adult to child)
but you `moeft' me though not # uhm to hit?
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